The most suitable substrate for mushroom growing is horse manure (derived from horses fed hay and concentrated fodder) light yellow or light brown in color, typical smell (noticeable ammonia) and preserved straw structure. Old black or gray fertilizer is not suitable. To be founded 100 m2 of cultivation need 10…12 tons of fresh manure. Due to this, that horse manure is hard to come by, the so-called. artificial substrates – mixtures of wheat or rye straw with chicken manure and gypsum.
If horse manure is used, it must be fermented. Before that, you can add 10 to the fertilizer…15% wheat or rye straw, prepared as follows: straw cut into lengths 15…20 cm or coming from under the combine are arranged in layers, moisturizes and tramples. You can also add chicken manure to it (300…500 kg in 1000 kg of dry straw) or urea (10…15 kg in 1000 kg of dry straw). after 7…10 On the days of straw preparation, it is added to the horse manure and only then the actual fermentation begins, lasting 7…16 days, depending on the method adopted. The fermentation prisms must be shaped (on disinfectant plates 1 -% formalin solution) by means of boundary fences, so that they are not too narrow or too wide. Bad formation of the piles affects the course of fermentation, and consequently reduces the yield. The width of the prism should be 160… 180 cm. Thermometers informing about correctly or incorrectly changing temperature are placed in the pile. It is read every morning and evening.
