In the experiments carried out at the Institute of Pomology, in which the ground temperature was monitored in winter was found, that the roots of the frost-sensitive apple trees of the M and MM series were frozen at -10 ° C at a depth 10 cm, and the roots of Antonówka seedlings, the A2 and some other washers were slightly damaged at -12 ° C. The roots of the remaining fruit trees show a slightly lower frost resistance than the roots of apple trees.
From what was mentioned above about the frost resistance of fruit plants, and what practice confirms, the following conclusions can be drawn. Repeated cyclically in Poland, co 11-15 years, severe winters cause large losses in orchards due to plant frost, especially frost-sensitive species. In snow-free and frosty winters, there is also a danger of the roots of fruit trees and strawberries freezing over.
The losses caused by severe winters can be largely prevented, selecting frost-resistant varieties and rootstocks for cultivation, selecting appropriate regions for fruit plantations, especially suitable positions and applying certain protective measures.
