In orchards it is extremely important to choose such varieties, which show the lowest possible sensitivity to diseases and pests. As far as protective procedures are concerned, one should first of all remember about removing and destroying diseased parts of plants. It involves cutting shoots or branches infested with gangrene of the bark, the silvery of the leaves, brown rot or bacterial cancer of fruit trees. Cutting the shoots is also essential in combating apple mildew. Careful cutting of shoots with symptoms of the disease should be performed in the early growing season, from the moment the first leaves appear until flowering. Accurate cutting of diseased shoots reduces disease infestation later in the growing season. Shoots should be cut below the leaves with powdery mildew, and then burn it.
The oldest way to fight pests is to collect and destroy them. During the leafless period of trees, egg deposits of various pests can be found. They can be deposited on the shoots, in the form of rings (through the annelid arachnid), or on dry leaves (through the rating plate of the tarniówka). Inside dried leaves, that hang from the tree, the caterpillars of the lagweed of the Hawthorn and the longworm are hibernating. Such egg beds or caterpillars' nests must be collected and destroyed.
Grasping bands should be massively used on the plot, placed on the trunks of fruit trees. These bands should be checked every two weeks, by removing captured pests. Apple fruit caterpillars will be caught from the end of June to the end of July, while in the following months, m.in. the wingless females of the premortem. The bands damaged during this period should be replaced with new ones. They should have a layer of glue in their central part, to which pests stick.
In orchards it is extremely important to choose such varieties, which show the lowest possible sensitivity to diseases and pests. As far as protective procedures are concerned, one should first of all remember about removing and destroying diseased parts of plants. It involves cutting shoots or branches infested with gangrene of the bark, the silvery of the leaves, brown rot or bacterial cancer of fruit trees. Cutting the shoots is also essential in combating apple mildew. Careful cutting of shoots with symptoms of the disease should be performed in the early growing season, from the moment the first leaves appear until flowering. Accurate cutting of diseased shoots reduces disease infestation later in the growing season. Shoots should be cut below the leaves with powdery mildew, and then burn it.
